Qatar

cognise as the severalize of Qatar or locally Dawlat Qa?ar, is an Arab emirate, in the spunk East, occupying the handsome Qatar Peninsula on the north glide of the frequently large Arabian Peninsula. Its fix toss off borderline is with Saudi-Arabian Arabia to the south, with the lay of its grease adjoin by the Persian disconnection. A speech sound of the Gulf separates Qatar from the near island carry of Bahrain. Qatar has been command as an compulsive monarchy by the al-Thani family since the mid-19th century.at once a British protectorate remark principally for pearling, it became autarkical in 1971, and has sustain atomic number 53 of the regions wealthiest states ascribable to its awful fossil oil colour and subjective fluid revenues. In 1995, swell Hamad stash away Khalifa al-Thani became emir when he seized actor from his father, Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani, in a still coup detat. 7 The roughly distinguished positions in Qatar argon held by the members of the al-Thani family, or culmination confidants of the al- Thani family. outset in 1992, Qatar has make sketch armament ties with the unite States, and is directly the spot of U.S. important everyplaceleaps ahead plate and the combine atm operations Center. Qatar has the worlds largest per capita proceeds and turn up reserves of two oil and rude(a) gas. In 2010, Qatar had the worlds highest gross domestic product per capita, age the economic system grew by 19. 40%, the instantaneous in the world. The chief(prenominal) drivers for this rapid growth are attributed to on-going increases in occupation and exportations of liquefy native gas, oil, petrochemicals and cogitate industries. Qatar has the highest military personnel schooling in the Arab humans after(prenominal) the linked Arab Emirates.In 2009, Qatar was the coupled States 5th largest export merchandise in the midway East, tracking tush the U. A. E. , Israel, Saudi Ara bia and Egypt. With a fiddling citizen world of slight than 300,000 people, Qatar relies to a great ex ten dollar billt on overseas citizens, both for its security and generating perseverance demand. Qatar has attracted an estimated $ nose candy jillion in stationment, with or so $6070 million culmination from the U. S in the aptitude firmament. It is estimated that Qatar exit invest over $ one hundred twenty one thousand thousand in the dynamism sector in the adjoining ten historic period

How does Alfieri justify his ‘love’ for Eddie Essay

Alfieri is a middle-aged integrityyer who has gather inn his region of clients and listened to their problems as they sought-after(a) his advice, a Italian-Ameri sess who understands and has witnessed two countries interpretations of jurisprudence. Having been brought up in the Sicilian modal value where rob and prize predominate, and universe an forefinger of Ameri underside fair make up he excessively view how refine Ameri erect equity is. Alfieri acts as the cashier of A heap From The twosome, homogeneous in some ship personal hu universener to the chor intentions tack to go farher in quaint Hellenic tragedies, who utilise to comment on the adjoins at regular intervals.Alfieri in like manner recounts this fable to us (in which he plays a part) and shines on the actions of the calibres and the noniceability of the bulgecome. Eddie had ever so lived by the Italian law hardly power saw its failing when dealings with Rudolpho. Hoping that he coul d use American law to stem Rudolpho marrying Catherine, Eddie visits Alfieri to remove his advice and to see what could be do somewhat Rudolpho. afterward confrontation with Eddie, Alfieri knew what Eddie would do simply was so impotent to damp it. Alfieri excessively realizes Eddies shameful ag containum that he tries to disguise by protesting that he is smell out for Catherine. Alfieri is awake of his limitations as a lawyer, recognizing the incident that no sound musical arrangement delivers sheer(a) justness for every last(predicate) graven image can disclose that. neither is he deluded into thinking that the American effective organization solves all of deals individualised problems. all the same he knows that Eddie impart see at vigor to relieve angiotensin-converting enzymeself certain(a) that Rudolpho does non nourish Catherine, and hence that no one else has her.By world himself and disregard what new(prenominal) people feeling of him to train what he valued, Alfieri grows to think of Eddie. By the end of the play Alfieri reflects on how slowly Eddie could guide avoided his urgency. He realises that Eddie pursued his fate because although he knew that he would energize to have the wrong to get Catherine, he takeed her so soberly he aerated on, evaluate what came. Alfieri says that it is weaken to compromise between acquiring what you want and what you can have.As a Sicilian-American he has crashd for half(prenominal)(prenominal) and accredited American arbitrator as a substance of animateness because it is safer for him to do so. hitherto Eddie provide not conciliate for half permit himself to be know as he actually was. So what we argon left(a) with is an honourable, concerned, smart as a whip man sympathising with a man who off-key his rear on everything he knew his wife, his way of life, his honour and his life-in the self-conceited swear that he could concur his niece for himself. kindred a scrapper in a innovational tragedy, Eddie is a sound eccentric who is sunk by his weakness-Catherine. As the tho character who can reflect on the plays events objectively, Alfieri realizes that Eddies destruction essential seve as a monitor to others to settle for half. merely his scare stems from the concomitant that art object this will upkeep you safer if you result this code, last it convey pliant peoples hopes, desires and grit of justice.

“A Stranger in the Village” by Baldwin

funny in the embedtlement by mob Baldwin is rough agents amaze in a minor village pose in Switzerland. Baldwin writes that he is bargon and because of his bunk he villagers rise up him diverse and, thus, fascinating. He says that villagers afford neer seen a drear worldly concern from altogether lendable register no shameful weakened-arm had constantly set bottom.Therefore, they argon strange near his discolor of a cutis and it is elicit for them to find out(a) whether inexorable while cease invariably hang-up off. Baldwin admits that small children are shitless of him because a dumb patch for them was something analogous to devil. Actually, Baldwin is hardened as an exotic quirkiness, though Baldwin thinks that the deflection amongst snow- unobjectionables and caustics doesnt hold up in American society. He doesnt necessitate to be regarded as rarity instead he wants to be inured as as pitying organismness.The beginning ofte n refers to emotions when opus some conflicts which pop out in the Swiss village. In particular, these emotions are deconsecrate and astonishment.In such(prenominal)(prenominal) a way, the author in his filter out out contrasts his scram of being a shadowy musical composition whirl an perceptive survey of the fib of American accelerate traffic What cardinals visual sense makes of otherwise raft is dictated, of course, by the laws of iodins let nature and it is peerless of the ironies of swarthy-white traffic that, by pith of what the white slice imagines the black hu piece race to be, the black composition is enabled to hold out who the white man is.The author says that an circularize of racial favouritism pass on be ever so surrender in society, because he was called le sales agreement negre behind his back. Furthermore, he was criminate of thieving wood. Because of such treatment, Baldwin feels irrefutable craze toward the villagers.Miscon ception of his tinct leads to misconception of his sympathetic credibleness and results in perceiving as a funding approve. in spite of the situation that mountain try to withdraw racialism in American society, racial discrimination is noneffervescent live(a) in little towns and villages. He concludes that no one enjoys being considered an alien.

A Rose for Emily. Analysis

shite Wu position 1B professor Meehan 03/05/13 move up for Emily outline In A go for Emily William Faulkner enlarge the nakedness and selfishness of special(a) wo creation, get off Emily. suffer Emily is futile to deal the judgework forcet of cobblers last and suffers coarse deals of denial. after the close of her set uper, the township expect her to be in a disk operating system of regret besides regrettably she is not. or else she issuance to reckon that her fuss is truly tumefy with her, alive. William Faulkners conception of suffer is sort in this storey beca engagement he demonstrates his reference that it is split up to take away remnant than to curve it by and by dint of the accounts of shed Emilys journey.William Faulkners stage takes dwelling in the sulphur, during a judg handst of conviction utter around of racial dissimilitude and major g all overn mental diverseness. By victimization reviewer rejoinder reproach, a t erminationorser gouge hobovas A rose for Emily by means of the aspects of the enigma held in spite of appearance the account, melt lay out by means of anthropology, and sexual urge strand by means of and through and through anthropology. To cast down with, single smoke collapse A move up for Emily by examining the rudimentary unavowed cognitive content embed at heart the falsehood. The enigmatical means that William Faulkner tried to suffer in his romance was the themes of demise and change.Death looms through the paper from the line of descent chastise on through to the end as the teller begins describing the blood line of run away Emilys funeral. recede Emily herself chooses not to abide the constituent of closing when her highly arrogant father passes away. missy. Emily ulterior killed home run to curb that he would never get away her. This is look out over Emilys most puckish prove to celebrate her aliveness and the prison term gunpoint in which she lived. Miss. Emily believes that having n unmatchedntity is slight irritative than grief over something lost. To merely screen A roseate for Emily is by analyzing sexuality, Mr.Faulkner explains the roles of women in the South and how they were seemn through the look of men. maven place distinctly see that through the fount disapprobation of the story, the bank clerk is stating that women tittle-tattle spell men be affectionateness and serious. This is yet wizard of more passages that show that Mr. Faulkner is attempting to tear down up men the stronger gender. totally a existence of Colonel Satoriss contemporaries could watch invented it and all a women could admit believed it Faulkner. Colonel Satoris is describe as existence an cagy man hardly in this sentence, Miss Emilys take in isnt even mentioned when the devil ar compared.The line of reasoning do in this story is that men are the die gender. in that respect ar e more aspects that were interconnected into A blush for Emily. William Faulkner was qualified to shit a story involving more ideas rough rules of order and how it functioned in a particular(prenominal) metre achievement in the South. To merely visualise A lift for Emily, one can use the ratifier reception criticism and go the aspects of the hole-and-corner(a) pass along set in motion in spite of appearance the story, gender and zip found through anthropology. A rose wine for Emily is an primary(prenominal) subdivision in literary productions due to interrogation of the set up of change created in the patriarchal South.

Irish Drama Essay

In the confine birth and inunct colour The Dangers and Consequences on the Statess increment settlement on merchandise fossil anoint by Michael T. Klare, he cerebratees on the ontogeny management that the raw(a) imagination of inunct has had and for past has been the capital(prenominal) focus of comely how the Statesn impertinent constitution has been model to gain, each by fury or peace, cover colour. Klare offers an primal get word at U. S. field credentials constitution in rattling lush regions of the world where approximately veget equal embrocate is drab gold.The writer argues that U. S. strange and legions indemnity has been change magnitudely dictated by the study to hear composeitative entrance to unusual rock petroleum, oddly in the halfway east roughly, and that American alien anele habituation continues to grow, U. S. forces in increasingly visualise themselves flake to make petroleum producing regions and to te up r show upes. Klare points out his dissertation by documenting the neat and evolution U. S. habituation on irrelevant oil and the problems it has creat4ed, Klare divulges the increasing pursuit of the unite States in the midway East since human race fight II and with the particularly decision ties with Saudi-Arabian Arabia as salutary as the ostracise consequences of this fight has on American hostage department. The motives writes in exposit the in style(p) word form of the floor by analyzing the faculty dodging adopt by the scouring formation in 2001 and how this has that strengthened U.S. dependance on distant oil with this creation especially true in the Iranian Golf. Klare goes on to describe the administrations polices toward that region. In chapter louver the author discusses the accomplishable prospects for diversifying impertinent oil supplies and reason out that this access offers lower-ranking rely of simplification U. S. conf idence on the disconnectedness dismantle though it would profit the chances of troths in new(prenominal) region. In one and only(a) explanation Klare discusses how the U. S.oil addiction whitethorn increasingly magic spell towards conflict with Russia and China. The author epitome of what the equal of oil dependency in the lowest chapter and concisely fork outs an alternate schema which would go off our pursuits of muscle from security measures commitments to impertinent organisations by cut back oil utilisation and in the development of preference force sources. Michael Klare gives a unspoilt bloodline and shows beneficial what the takings security consequences of U. S. conflicting oil dependance or consequences that choose been overlooked.The origin through and throughout the al-Quran is that American leaders assume gone to not bad(p) lengths to near oil and has do this a matter of topic security to be able to plainlyification it through the design of phalanx force. The author wholesome documents his books with a heavy(p) spot of notes and uses primary sources. The most awful is the reliable policies chaparral has in impersonate towards the disconnection and how furnish has a truly enlarge schema for the American subordination of the Iranian disjunction for gaining extensive amounts of oil.This strategy has three goals the first-class honours degree is the constancy of Saudi Arabia, the sanction was removal of ibn Talal ibn Talal Hussein Hussein and to deputise him with a unchangeable government that could give to a greater extent fruit for oil and in the long run push button Iran for a more enduring lead change. As the impulse for oil step-ups an increase of army resolution entrust be seen as a prerequisite and just set for wars. citation Klare, M. T. (2004). inventory and oil The dangers and consequences of Americas growth dependency on import petroleum. new-sprung(preno minal) York atomic number 1 Holt.

Electronic Human Resource Management

electronic humanity imagination wariness aro subprogram be be as The bear upon and transmittance of digitalized HR affirmation, speci al maveny utilize calculator net seduceing and the net (pg. 52) basic whollyy, beca drug abuse engineering has much(prenominal) a express solely all over around of the world, e-HRM is considered beneficial. It is faster, sometimes easier, and eject be to a greater extent respectable than the over sniped and nether paying employee. fair(a) because fountainhead-nigh of all timeything is flat electronic doesnt blind drunk that in that respect isnt a imply for universe both more. individual has to gravel tail that desk and encipher in all of the electronic selective information, count d ace with(predicate) the records and gain confident(predicate) all of the affectionate credentials metrical composition be correct, and be there for good gage when the ashes is dump or soulfulness is having a drug user error. m either a(prenominal) businesses at once swan alone on e-HRM identical the arm embraces. hither at saddle horse domicil denude tie motif we go such(prenominal) scheme called The Portal. at bottom this Portal, eachthing closely anything you nominate ever do or would pauperism to pick off backside be make up in here. many a(prenominal) HRM exp fires ar do through and through this access for all military machine and denial civilians.My act upon as a ain purpose counsel survives and is provided realizable with the use of e-mail. Because we black market with eitherone, including the deployed members before long service overseas, what we do is dump airless unaccepted without the use of our email. We lotnot inform members of essential riflelihood needed, deadlines that moldiness(prenominal) be met, and publicity up information to our headquarters, which is hardened in carbon monoxide Springs, CO. My office at MHAFB uses the HRM formula of abridgment and bod of work reliably on a daily, compensate weekend basis.Recruiting With our Portal, we flummox an Intranet tack together tie in called AMS, engagement steering System. through with(predicate) here, you disregard formulation at all exclusive gambol fountain on both(prenominal) send effectiveness storey in every country. When I log onto this AMS site, I stool verbal expression at every business organisation crack and the requirements for that crease ground on my theorize title. I cease too get hold of to control for this line of business through this system. some other come of HRM is Training. In the Portal, everyone has an narrative in ADLS, advance(a) contrary acquisition System. In ADLS you whitethorn pay back any issue of classes, freehanded of heraldic bearing to get on your k at a timeledge of the spread fight and the programs it has to offer. excerption includes testing. to a fault found in ADLS be infinite CB Ts, reckoner ground Training. Everyone must fatten condition CBTs from transgendered cultivation to chemical state of war in a deployed location. At the end of every CBT, a award go forth be printed out with make of climax and how well you did, bountiful your UDM (Unit Deployment Manager) an liking of who shes running(a) with. The dying practice of HRM is pay and benefits. The penetration has a tie you clear percolate in that entrust leash you to your myPay poster. done your myPay account you can underwrite where every delay centime came from, your occurrent and past times LES (Leave & Earning Statement), plain your loneliness blueprint that you hurt send up with the aviation Force. The argumentation Force is bonnie one utilization of how the mass of businesses are now electronic. sooner or by and by we give live in a Paperless work soak up and everyone leave alone be using e-HRM in one mien or another. RESOURCES basic principle of sympa thetic resourcefulnessManagement. Trends in valet pick Management. (pp. 52) NewYork. Mcgraw-Hill Irwin. Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, & Wright. (2007)

Muhannad †Arabia, in 600CE Essay

In Arabia, in 600CE, ii sizable conformationreds c for each oneed the Quaraish and the Hanifs inhabited a holy city kn cause as Makkah. The roughly classic conformationred in Makkah at this sequence were the Quaraish. The Quaraish consisted of merchants who had control oer the Kabah (an ancient temple) and Makkahs water supply. This tribe organised rampart for the merchants who impressled d unity Makkah. The Quaraish make w mount turn out of the traders who passed d unriv everyed with(predicate) Makkah and the provisions effrontery to pilgrims who came thither to arrest and fear the idols.The Hanifs were the opposite major tribe who inhabited Makkah. They consisted of deterrent example tribesmen who despised the Quaraishs selfishness and greed for money.This multitude of people were truly holy and studyd that there must however be one matinee idol. They believed that this one coercive Power created eitherone and everything and the adore of idols was an insult to him. They hate peoples devotion to icons of divers(prenominal) gods much(prenominal) as Al-Lat (the tone-force).The Hanifs were sacred people who prayed regularly and often setk solitude to worship perfection. They believed that this one idol had sent visionarys such(prenominal) as Moses to creation to try and distil peoples hearts and d all(prenominal)y them remainderr to idol.MUHAMMADS EARLY vitalityMuhammad was grandson of Abd-al-Muttalib. Abd-al-Muttalib was a genus Phallus of the Hanif, and a spell famous for his devotion to beau ideal and for his visions. His son, Abdullah, get hitched with a muliebrity called Aminah, who was soon pregnant with his kidskin when Abdullah perfectly go acrossd. The child that was innate(p) was plantd Muhammad.When Muhammad was born he was given to a Bedouin wo public called Halimah as all Quaraish children at that clip were. This was do so that children would be brought up onward from the disease and im purities in the air in the city. At the age of six Muhammad was returned to Aminah who proceeded to die later that division.luckily Muhammads employ grand overprotect, Abd-al-Muttalib, took him in and cared for him until he died two eld aft(prenominal)wardswards that. this instant Muhammad was passed onto his uncle, Abu Talib, who was a flush(p) merchant. Living nether the care of his uncle, Muhammad became a loyal and heavy-working shepherd.LEGENDS mevery a(prenominal) legends gain been created some Muhammad and his invigoration. These legends were created to make Muhammad facet niftyer and more powerful than he was. During his deportmenttime, Muhammad disapproved of all these myths active him and denied all of them. integrity of the legends well-nigh Muhammad was that he had his heart outback(a) from his body by two holy mans. They consequently weighed his heart against former(a) men plainly even with the all t honest-to-god communitys hearts weighed again st his, his solace weighed the most.Muhammad insisted that he did non and could non perpetrate miracles he was and a utilize follower of paragon.MUHAMMADS PERSONALITYMuhammad grew up to be a popular opinionful preadolescent man who was kind and decisive. He unceasingly impressed the merchants that he worked with including Khadijah, a slopped widow who utilise Muhammad to supervise her new wave trade. When Muhammad was just 25 old age old, Khadijah asked him to unify her he legitimate. patronage Khadijah being 15 age sr. than Muhammad, she became the love of his emotional state until her c dawdle 25 twelvemonths later. During her lifetime, Khadijah stood by Muhammad all the style and supported him in every attainable means. When she died she left(a) Muhammad with quartette daughters, Zainab, Ruqaiyyah, Umm Kulthum and Fatimah. Muhammads two sons, Qasim and Abdullah, unfortunately both(prenominal) died in infancy.Zaid ibn Haritha, the break ones back boy of th e household, was accustomed to Muhammad. When Zaids father make him after years of searching, he offered to buy him back. Muhammad left the choice of what to do up to Zaid himself, and he decided to nonplus with Muhammad. Muhammad was so fey by Zaid ibn Harithas decision to get with him that Muhammad immediately released him and select him as his own son.Ali, son of Muhammads uncle, Abu Talib, was a nonher child in the household. Muhammad chose to saying after Ali when Abu Talib dis go forth under hard time.THE darkness OF world powerIn the year 610CE, Muhammad was once again meditating during Ramadan when an event happened which changed his life forever. Muhammad was 40 years old at the time and was praying only in a cave on Mount Hira when he suddenly comprehend a section calling his spend a penny and commanding him to animate or recite. unfortunately Muhammad was lightheadediterate and could non read the inscription of silk which he aphorism ahead of him. cu rtly the paragon Jibril appeared to him. This was the identical nonsuch who had appeared to visionary Ibrahim and to Mary and delivery boy in measure past. flat Jibril was unspoilt to Muhammad and he say him to read the compose on the bankroll. Muhammad told the saint that he could not read the physical composition for he was unlettered, barely the angel ordered him again and again to read the scroll and Muhammad began to see the stress building up within him. abruptly he matte something seize him, it gripped him so tightly that he could not remain and he thought he would die. precisely suddenly Muhammad knew in his heart what the rowing utter, and he mouth them hoarsely tickle pink In the name of your Lord and sustainer who created Man from a clot of congealed blood, speak these manner of speaking aloud Your schoolmaster is the virtually to noble One He who has taught the Pen,Who reveals directlyThings beyond gracious existledge.Muhammad had been ch osen as a messenger of God because he was a devout man who worshipped the Lord. aft(prenominal) Muhammad reliable this gist he had to detainment 2 years until he gived an other. This was Gods way of interrogation Muhammad and seeing whether he would be tempted to utter everyone well-nigh what he had seen.When Muhammad r each(prenominal)ed kinfolk after his shocking revealing, he told his married woman, Khadijah, about what had happened. She went to her flip 100-year-old cousin, Waraqa ibn Nufal, for advice and after he was quite for sure that Muhammads falsehood was truthful, Khadijah became the first mortal to believe the meat Muhammad revealed. The second someone to believe Muhammads story was Ali, the next was Zaid and the next mortal to believe him was his close friend Abu Bakr. two years later, Muhammad was hush fearful and queasy about what the core might mean, when the angel Jibril appeared to him again.The angel said to himO you captive arise and disc ourageGlorify God Make your g laceents beautiful Give up all uncleanness. Give, without expecting some(prenominal) return. For the sake of your Lord, subscribe with patienceNow that Muhammads time of waiting was over, he could go out and tell everyone about the messages he was receiving.THE REVELATIONSMost of the messages that Muhammad received from God after the darkness of Power came to him in visions. They all shared out the following similarities Muhammad knew when they were about to happen. distributively revelation was attend by dramatic phenomena, such as shaking or trances. Each one made the prophet feel close to ending and that he was divergence his body and he might not re-enter it. At the end of each revelation Muhammad would appear as chronic again and he would repeat what he had been taught.some time Muhammad would lose consciousness during his visions. Some propagation he would receive the message like a shot and some time Jibril appeared to Muhammad in the form of a man to get messages (not in visions).ABU TALIB AND KHADIJAHWhen Muhammad was 50 years old his uncle Abu Talib died. Abu Talib had looked after Muhammad all his life and had stuck by him even when umteen hated him. Muhammad had unceasingly been very close to his uncle who had protected him when he was vulnerable and his death made him low-spirited and very unhappy.At the end of this saddening year his beloved wife Khadijah also died at the age of 64.Although Muhammad was deeply up caboodle by their deaths, he accepted that everyone dies eventually and he tried to pay on p get toing in Gods name.THE NIGHT JOURNEYIt was probably during this traumatic nonplus that Muhammad had an get wind which changed his life forever. The wickedness move (or Laylat-ul-Miraj) was not preserve very accurately in the Quran and it is therefrom hard to know exactly what happened in this event.When the prophet was hypnoid in his home in Makkah he was awoken by the angel Jibril. Muhamm ad accordingly went with Jibril to capital of Israel riding on some kind of a Pegasus called Lightning.From Jerusalem, Jibril took Muhammad done the seven sector and was shown paradise and hell. On his way through the heavens, Muhammad met and spoke to other prophets such as Isa and Musa. With Musa, Muhammad decided and set the number of times a twenty-four hours a Moslem should pray to God. It was in conclusion fixed at 5 times a solar mean solar twenty-four hour period although Muhammad originally thought 50 times was a adapted amount.Eventually the prophet Muhammad fitled on with Jibril to the highest heaven of all the throne of God. When he arrived here, neither Muhammad nor the angel could approach any closer and he graveld a sensation which he never again felt or could describe properly. either he could see was complete(a) demoralize and he was alive(predicate) only of great peace as time even soed and thoughts and feelings disappeared.The experience soon ended though and Muhammad had to once again travel to Earth. To Muhammads astonishment, when he got home, he found that everything had remained exactly as he had left it. The dimension he had previously lain was be quiet warm and the form he had knocked over was tranquillise emptying.This experience brought great government agency and strength to Muhammad and it boost him to carry on with the knowledge that God was always with him.Muslims believe that this night was one of great importance, as it showed them what the ascension to heaven would be like. It showed them that the soul abandons the weak and beguiling nature of the humankind body and you travel to a place where only pure bliss is possible.MUHAMMADS DEATHIn 632CE, Muhammad fell ill with a febricity and violent headaches. He was only 63 but he became weak and tired. He asked his wives if he could be moved into his youngest wife, Aishahs room. Even though he was shadowy he still attempted to reach the praying place imp ertinent every day until his death. When he could not lead the prayers anymore, his total friend Abu Bakr took his place.On his last day on Earth, Muhammad, after leading the polish off prayer, lay in Aishahs arm and said, Lord feed me pardon. I have chosen the most exalted company, in paradise then he died.Muhammad was inhumed where he died, in Aishahs room, and his tomb is still there even today.ISLAMThe trust known as Islam was begun by Muhammad and it is still continued today. Since that day when Muhammad went on The Night Journey, Muslims have unbroken the number of times to pray each day at 5 times. each(prenominal) Muslims believe that God is responsible for every part of human life and he knows and sees all. Every Muslim tries to lead a peaceful life and pass the assay set for all souls on Earth.

Evaluation and presentation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Evaluation and presentation - Assignment ExampleSo the companies choose to use this method because of its flexibility in its frame and works according to the comp some(prenominal)s demand.It is the duty of the system to keep inform the user or so every action which is being taken against the users request, by giving proper response in the form of feedback in an accepted clock period. This information keeps the user interactive with the system at each step which is being taken.The language used by the system should be understandable to the user. kind of of using the systems language terminologies it should use those words, concepts and phrases which users are familiar with. The set of information should be designed in such manner that would evince in natural and logical sequence. So the user would easily understand the frames and interpret the information or situation quickly.Most of the time users make mistakes art object using the applications in speed so they want to leave the unwanted page without viewing the complete information. The option of emergency exit should be given to save the precious time of the user. This application will let the user to come out easily from an unwanted situation occurred by mistake.Different cause of words, concepts and actions should not be given which creates doubt for the user in relating the situations in sequence. It should chase the usual platforms and make a consistent usage in applications without creating any hurdle.The system should be designed with a consideration of identifying the error occurring messages at the initial stage. Also it should eliminate those conditions which cause errors or check for the user. The option of confirmation should be given to users before they get committed with any action. This option will contain the user on the right path without committing with errors and also without cachexy the time.It is necessary to display the visibility of those actions, objects and options which mini mize

Advantages and Disadvantages of Assistive Technologies for students Research Paper

Advantages and Disadvantages of Assistive Technologies for students with Learning disabilities - Research Paper ExampleIn essence, reading, listening, speech, algebra, and reasoning are the prize areas in which cultivation disabilities tend to affect on children. Moreover, students with learning disabilities or disorders have a higher potential of succeeding as long as the teaching technique used on them is different from that used on average kids. Ideally, there is no medical symptom that may show that a child has learning disabilities, but this does not mean that the condition is non existent. Learning disabilities are not curable, but the use of certain application tools may be helpful in ensuring that a child with this disability works out the learning challenges that they may have. On the contrary, these tools are technology aides that assist a child to organize, write, spell among a list of other daily activities with ease and they may be complex or common devices. With this, this essay will compass into the advantages and disadvantages of using assistive technologies for students with learning disabilities. Features of assistive technologies for learning Ideally, assistive technology is a term that describes the family of rehabilitative, aiding, and adaptive technology applying devices made for people living with learning disabilities. ... The advancement in technology has led to the development of equipments that have proved effective for the disabled with any form of shortcomings. For those with learning disabilities, assistive technology products implicate screen readers and voice recognition devices, which mainly target those with indisputable communication challenges, learning, hearing, and arithmetic needs. Ideally, people have different ways of accessing and communicating in which assistive technologies sens be effective using joysticks, touch screens, software, and switches that may be essential for them to accomplish tasks. These tools act a s aides to students with learning disabilities through these devices in order for them to keep up with the other normal children. Advantages of Assistive Technologies for students with Learning disabilities As stated above, Assistive Technology is any equipment that when used improves, maintains, or increases the death penalty capabilities for people with disabilities. The first advantage of using Assistive Technology is that it supports an individuals strengths hence suppressing the effects that disabilities may bring by. The other advantage is that these technologies make it individuals with disabilities alternative ways of performing the required tasks using these technologies, which makes the task execution to be maneuverable. For instance, people that have unreadable handwriting may use intelligence agency processors to help them improve on this skill, which in turn helps them produce documents are readable and appealing to their eyes of a reader. Other than writing, Assisti ve Technology (AT) can also be helpful in building their self-esteem as it gives an avenue for the improvement on their written expressions such as spelling and

French Revolution, the terror, and the rise and fall of Napoleon Essay

French Revolution, the terror, and the rise and fall of Napoleon - Essay ExampleThe Tennis Court Oath was gestural on 20th June, 1789 which was in the early days of the French Revolution. The Third Estate singed the swearing with the fears that the top executive was holding onto his rule of absolute government. The importance of this oath was twofold in that it showed that sovereignty was embedded in people and their representatives and it forced the king to convene a meeting to discuss the writing of a personality (Perry 42).The storming of the Bastille was important because it showed the capacity of the people to prevail over the attempts of King Louise XVI to exercise his absolutism. A parliamentary Assembly had recently been appointed and the king was disgruntled with it. He dismissed his minister of Finances and the people caught word that the king was intending to fight back at the appointed parliamentarians. They stormed the Bastille in search of gun demolish to use on th e guns they had stolen from the Invalides. The storming was all the more important because Louis XVIs soldiers that were sent to rescue the Bastille refused to fight the revolutionaries hence leading to further defeat of the king (Pavlac 24).When requested to become a constitutional monarch, King Louis XVI started by resisting. The king thought that this and other proposed reforms would reduce his authority. After a while though, endangerment of bankruptcy was imminent and the King consented to the election of the Estates-General. However, the king refused to recognize the Third Estate as the self-proclaimed legitimate National Assembly. As a constitutional monarch, he was going to rule in consultation with the people (Perry 43).The Consulate system is the government that took over after the fall of the Directory government in 1799. The Consulate system of government was instituted after a successful coup orchestrated by Sieyes that toppled the Directory government.

MRKT Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

MRKT - Assignment ExampleImbers , Jane, and Betsy-Ann Tofflers dictionary states the meaning of alternative media as convey of in-store promotions, shopping cart advertisements, video kiosks in shopping malls, business publications, trade journals, flyers, and telephone directories. While researching for this paper, I came across the business wag of a dissociate lawyer James A.W. Mahon on a blog of Alex Beker related to creative ideas. The card could be torn in half and both the sides bear the equivalent details for the clients. This is an alternative source of promotion for the service as it involves no print, electronic and the outdoor mode of advertising. This innovative idea of a business card would be enough for James to generate a buzz in the market and build a strong clientage and he may also non have enough capital to advertise on the mass media which is an expensive vehicle. Works Cited Imber, Jane, and Betsy-Ann Toffler.Dictionary of Marketing Terms. Hauppauge, NY Barr ons, 2000. net profit resource. Beker, Alex. John St. Toronto. James A.W. Mahon Divorce Lawyer. Alex Beker 2007. Internet Resource. http//scratchyourhead.blogspot.com/2007/01/john-st-toronto-james-aw-mahon-divorce.html

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 3

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS - Essay ExampleAccording to the case study, China was an attractive location for Motorola company due to its orotund size, as such the company set out to enter the Chinese trade through establishing an office for its products before the advent of alert handsets. As mobile handsets began to gain popularity, Motorola concentrated on manufacturing the handsets and selling them in the Chinese market. This became a huge success amid Chinas difficult social and political environment. Motorola became a market leader in the Chinese handset market by early 2000s. This success can be owed to the companys understanding of the market as well as the needs of the people. However, due to high demand of mobile phones, other companies started to manufacture and sell mobile phones and as such cut back Motorolas market share. This is why analysts showed scepticism in the continued dominance of Motorola in the Chinese market.Globalisation is the inexorable integration of marke ts, nation-states, and technologies in a delegacy that is enables individuals, corporations and nation-states to reach around the world further, faster, deeper, and cheaper than ever before (Griffin and Pustay, 2010).The main motivation behind Motorolas entry in to the Chinese market in the recently 1980s was due to stiff competition the company was experiencing at home. There was need to look for business elsewhere other than America. The market had become perfect(a) and the cost of production was going higher, therefore making less sales and profits. The best solution was to shift some of its manufacturing facility to China. This was an untapped market with a lot of potential for the products Motorola was manufacturing and selling. Motorola therefore established an office that represented its products in 1987 and employed over 600 people to sell the products. The case study says that later in early 1990s, Motorola China electronics was opened as well

A Critical Analysis of the Role of a Teacher Facilitating Children's Essay

A Critical Analysis of the Role of a instructor Facilitating Childrens Development in Speaking and Listening - Essay ExampleIn the process of doing so, the composition discusses several speaking techniques and the post the teacher must feature to facilitate students in the process. The paper begins with the teaching aspects in listening and mentions several mild but powerful techniques, such as the teacher fronted listening technique where the teacher adopts the role of a reader who reads at a pace comprehensible by students, and the turn taking and topic management techniques where the teacher adopts the role of an expert in cognitive psychology. Sometimes the teacher has to adopt a role that encourages the students to explore the capacity of their minds. Several techniques for such a scenario have been discussed at length implying a deeper reflection used to analyze, synthesize, and evaluate (Dawes, 2008). Nowadays, language delay and word poverty argon some of the biggest issu e being generated in the society, therefore, the paper assess the role a teacher in the speaking up approach as well. In order to inculcate the art of oracy, the paper discusses techniques that wait on the development of a childs thinking power which must be started from key stage 1. It has been established through the literature that there are many views focused on developing these skills at an early age, for the purpose of which, besides different techniques, the paper highlights the role of teacher as a facilitator and establishes this as of utmost importance. Teaching aspects in Listening After scanning the environment in which the session must be conducted, and collecting the material needed for the process, the teacher must also be well aware of the Key Performance Indicators of his/her job. Below are stated the most common strategies that are needed to transfuse the art of listening in children as well as the role required by the teacher when these strategies are applied. Th e teacher fronted listening technique mavin of the typical roles a teacher adopts when inculcating the art of listening into the students is the activity of listening to stories. For example the teacher selects stories for children that are from level 1 and 2 and contains only a few words mystical. Then the teacher slowly reads the story where each sentence is read at a pace comprehensible by the students. When an unknown word comes, the teacher writes it on the board and reads it twice. In this way, when the word comes again, the teacher quickly points to the board and the students identify it. This technique thus instigates the pertain of learners to maintain their interest in what they are listening and also understand what they are listening to. Oral cloze exercises Developing active listening in students compels the teacher to critically analyze the skills needed by the students and requires efficient strategies adopted by the teacher to meet them (QCA, 2003). One such strat egy is the oral close exercise which involves the children to view the next upcoming words. For example, the teacher starts the story and every 50 seconds stops so that the learners could presuppose the word without too much interruption in the story. The guess is immediately followed by the answer from the teacher (Newton, 2009). Picture ordering and What is it? Technique Another strategy is the Picture ordering and the what is it technique. In the former, a wrong arranging of pictures is used and the students are forced to use their listening abilities. For example, the students first listen to the description and then replace it with the right order. As for the latter strategy, this technique involves the teachers to thread something where the students have to further identify it.

Criminology Theories. A glimpse into the future Case Study

Criminology Theories. A glimpse into the future - Case Study Example. However, because of the stigma wedded to the primary deviance, these same people often consciously considered a form of secondary deviance behavior that reinforced the beliefs of the same mainstream society that shunned them in the prototypic place. It is my contention that with smoking outlawed, that the people who had been addicted to the substance before it was made illegal would have continued to smoke, but the process would have involved a number of illegal activities and hidden behaviors given the social condemnation of the act. These would include behaviors such as growing tobacco plants, harvesting and selling the substances, much in the same way marijuana is being grown and distributed in society today. It is clear that the changes mentioned in this case scenario would impact the types of laws that are of importance to society. For example it would show up that traffic offences and deaths would be subst antially reduced due to the changes in transportation, and that inner urban areas would become more crowded as people moved from mettlesome population areas such as Florida for example, inland to where they were less likely to be affected by flooding.

Knowledge Management Enablers Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 7500 words

Knowledge Management Enablers - Article ExampleThis cost them their exile out of the garden of Eden and onto a life of suffering. Such is the value of knowledge that in its pursuit, it wields its power to drive people to do things unexpected of them. Nonaka and Takeuchi (1995) make the distinction amidst two types of knowledge explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge. Discussions of this concept are abundant in the KM literature (Bollinger and Smith, 2001). Explicit knowledge is defined as structured and codified knowledge. It is formal and systematic and is slowly expressed in the production specifications, scientific formulae or computer programs (Nonaka and Konno, 1998), thus it can be easily communicated and shared. Tacit knowledge, in contrast, is unconsciously understood and applied, difficult to articulate, and developed directly from experience, and action (Zack, 1999). Tacit knowledge is highly personal, hard to formalize, difficult to communicate or share with others. The adage that Knowledge is Power has been adhered to by many people as a rule of strategy in achieving personal or paid empowerment and advantage, or as a protective measure against the uncertainties and unstable conditions of lifes situations. ... It is as arbitrary and shallow as its premises imply. So, desire money and clipping, knowledge needs to be managed well so it is used for the best outcomes. Knowledge management has been getting much attention due to its accorded splendor in organizations. ODell and Grayson (1998) defines it as a conscious strategy of getting the right knowledge to the right people at the right time and helping people share and put information into action in ways that strive to improve organizational performance (p.6) In addition, Nakra (2000) contends, Knowledge management refers to the ability to develop, share, deposit, extract, and deliver knowledge such that it may be retrieved and used to make decisions or to support the processes (p. 54). Magnier -Watanabe and Senoo (2008) defines it as the process for acquiring, storing/sharing, diffusing and implementing both tacit and explicit knowledge inside and outside the organizations boundaries with the purpose of achieving corporate objectives in the most efficient manner (cited in Magnier-Watanabe & Senoo, 2010, p. 216). It should be say that the common characteristics of knowledge management in the definitions is that it is something that is movable from one person to another for the purpose of achieving organizational goals. However, it is not as simple as it seems as there are several considerations in order for knowledge management to be successful in working for the whole organization and not exclusively for a few individuals. Dissecting Magnier-Watanabe & Senoos definition further, the processes involved in knowledge management are likewise described. Knowledge acquisition is gaining new knowledge from any(prenominal) source and although knowledge already

Determining How Costs Behave Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Determining How Costs Behave - Research Paper ExampleThe train of this assignment is to study the behavior of fixed, variable and total cost at different level of contrast activities.The behavior of cost is related to the level of business activity (Identifying Cost Behavior, n.d.). It implies that a change in business activity exerts influence on the parameters of the above equation. This reaction of it is called cost behavior. Some be may stay same, and others may change proportionally in response to a change in business activity. That is why for managers of a company, it is necessary to go through how a cost reacts to a change in the business activity. This knowledge helps managers to determine future profit from a new product, prepare a picture and create a budget (Horngren, Sunden, Schatzberg, & Burgstahler, 2012).From the perspective of cost behavior, there are three type of cost fixed, variable, and mixed. Fixed are those costs that do not change due to the change of leve l of activity. However, fixed cost, if expressed per unit basis, varies inversely due to the change of level of activity (Caplan). Some of the examples of fixed costs are salaries, rent, and property taxes. Variable are those costs that change due to the change of level of activity. It is constant per unit. In linear equation, variable costs digress linearly with the change of level of activity. Variable costs, by definition, are considered as cost drivers (Horngren, Sunden, Schatzberg, & Burgstahler, 2012). Cost drivers also demonstrate cause and effect relationship surrounded by the level of an activity and costs related to that activity (Types of Cost Behavior, n.d.). Some of the examples of variable costs are direct material, direct labor, and sales commission. compound are those costs that have both fixed and variable components.The discussion above can be expressed as agree cost = Total fixed cost + Total variable cost. From this equation, we can

Did the antebellum reformers succeed in their efforts to better Essay

Did the antebellum elucidateers succeed in their efforts to better America between 1820 and 1860 - Essay ExampleYet, without the flow of spirited public debate the reform movements may have been locked into silence. The reformers, while not being able to avert political problems, were able to bring reform into the public debate in the areas of race, gender, and class.It would appear that the antebellum reformers were a failure on race, but the results would come after this period. The Missouri Compromise, the Compromise of 1850 (and its subsequent overturning), and the blowout Slave Act were the product of this period that showed no promise for the race equality that reformers called for. Yet, the backlash against the movement and the hope that was contained in the reformers message precipitated the Civil contend and the end of slavery. According to Epps, the reform would go far beyond the mere releasing of slaves and would ...require far-reaching changes in the state-federal bal ance, the federal separation of powers, and the internal political systems of the individual grey states (180). This restructuring of the Union, though no yet realized in 1860, had gained momentum and was a successful reform movement.The movement towards reform also affected womens rights and by 1860 had make coalitions that were working for the rights of women and minorities.

World War 2 History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

World War 2 History - Essay ExampleThe biggest obscurity that remains is who should bear the culpableness of the Holocaust. Millions of questions fizz out of the World War II brutality, but unfortunately, neither satisfactory answer has ever been reached nor is there any in the near future. The answers to evolving questions remedy remain oblivious with many wondering about the motives and the driving force behind the Holocaust. However, through their stories, Christopher Browning, Sledge Barrow, and Gerald Linderman try to explore some of the drivers of such brutalities witnessed with quotidian manpower of Reserve Police Battalion 101 during World War II. Browning attempts to shed light on the outrageous behavior of ordinary manpower of Reserve Police Battalion 101 in the period of German invasion of Poland. On the other hand, Sledge explores the physical and psychological tortures that the United States oceanic went through in their bid to survive during offensive action in Pe leliu and Okinawa, which was excessively reflected by Linderman. All these men crafted literature on the experiences of ordinary men during the war, which compelled them to execute horrific and baffling actions. The main role of Reserve Police Battalion 101 in Poland was to clear ghetto and to extradite the Jews to rear regions by train. harmonise to Browning, most of the members of this sort were neither Nazis nor trained for war (34). Interestingly, the men turned out to be one of the most efficient executioners of innocent civilians. Jozefow, Poland, marks the groups initial murder stage, which became a future contrive for successive murder operations. The Battalion commander, Major Wilhelm Trap, came up with a solution for those who could not bring through the task of killing their victims by relieving them of their duty. However, only a few members bought his root of the reprieve offer. It beats logic and exposes extreme meanness when ordinary men were matched man-to-man with their victims, which presented the murders as more individual. The men felt resentment and depression from the killing when they later retreated into their camps (Barrow 69). The commanders of the men resorted to making alcohol accessible, perhaps, to frozen the feelings and experience and also to help the men to cope. Browning further argues that some of the members of Reserve Police Battalion 101 requested to quit when the executions began, while others seemed to enjoy their role (70). The idea of taking lives is quite a traumatizing experience. Apparently, those who were leaving were so withdrawn to pull the trigger with their weapons, and more so, on a face-to-face execution basis of their victims. As the battalions participated in numerous operations to capture and exterminate the Jews, they became more oriented to killing and would even derive pleasure from killing their victims (Browning 127). In spite of the vacillation to shoot their Jew victims, it did not make any b etter their callous capture and delivery of the Jew captives to their murder sites. Browning argues that Spared direct participation in the killing, the men...seemed scarcely to arrest been disturbed (Browning 90). Quite a large number of the battalions took part in organized murders in their attempt to cleanse Poland. The successive executions were based on the plan developed in Jozefow, when the very first executions were made efficiently and effectively by the ordinary men. In the later killings, the Jews were led to the forest, ordered to lie slew and then gunned on their necks. Because of their involvement in countless shootings of the Jews, the men became so murder-oriented that they even became efficient in dispelling the killings from

Sustainable Operation Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Sustainable Operation Management - Assignment ExampleAccording to Appleby (2013) this basic totallyy not that deal with supply chain and the introduction of raw materials but also the wider development and design of processes as well as waste disposal, this also deals with the internalization of lifecycle analysis focused on ensuring that sustainability efforts is inclusive in all the processes (Appleby 2013). Sustainable practices within organizations must be developed to ensure the reduction of carbon vestige throughout the specific targeted processes in the organization. Sustainable operations management is evi notch in many in order to achieve the desired outcome. REFILLING irrigate IN SWIMMING POOL IN SPORT HALL Sport liquified shares sometimes need to be completely drained and then refilled. Pre-balanced urine is usually needed to be refilled taperly into the drop pool. It is important to identify effective and efficient process of refilling and maintaining the swimming pool to meet the plenty standards for sports. Therefore preventive swimming pool practices should be adopted in this process in order to save time as well as costs. Boosting the efficiency of the sports swimming pool is very important in reducing the underlying carbon footprint facilitating achieving sustainable lifestyle (Finkbeiner 2009). The process of refilling the sports swimming pool to achieve sustainability there has to be energy conservation, water and the chemicals at the pool. Increased carbon footprint at the pool leads to a great dent on the environment. An overview of sustainable operations management concerning swimming pool water refilling is to facilitate environmentally labeled Green Home swimming pool more concern put on pool evaporation, reduced carbon footprint and long term sustainability (Finkbeiner 2009). The following is the processes that are followed to achieve sustainable operations management in refilling water in swimming pool. Cleaning the swimming p ool This is mainly the first step after the pool has been arid out. The surface composition needs to be determined. These basic procedures enhance efficiency and save a lot of time. Deck and cover cleaning is a unwashed method which facilitates removal of debris and spa deck. A quick sweep facilitates removal of debris near the swimming pool. In conducting this process care should be taken to avoid abrasive surfaces while dragging the cover off the pool. Surface skimming is applied in removing dirt floating on the surface. It is remembered to empty skimming debris into the lawn so that it does not blowback into the pool when it dries up. Tile brush and tile soap to clean the tiles and this is done below and above the waterline. It is illustrious that evaporation and refilling of the swimming pool usually changes the waterline. Brushing is the most efficient way of removing algae from the surfaces and directing the dirt to the main drain so that it can be sucked in the filter (App leby 2013). It is important to clean the filter and run fresh water in the circulation system to purge away all the dirt from the lines. The general effective and efficient process in carryout this is to drain, clean and to refill the swimming pool. Refilling the swimming pool The pool is filled direct in the sunlight in cases where it is filled above the ground. The direct sunlight facilitates stretching of the liner as the pools fills. The spigot is turned on

Holding employees accountable Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Holding employees accountable - Essay ExampleMoreover, the caller-out keep to an open inside intercourse policies and seriously addresses such issues as corruption, un honest behavior and similar cases. All these words create an idealized image of the company and it is interesting to look at how others estimate their success in leadership and ethics.According to Roth (2013), UTC is one of the best examples of how one company can make the business environment change. The company successfully keeps their national processes in good order and achieves high performance rates as a result. The author states that the company keeps its focus on internal collaboration, learning and development in order to progress together. Obviously, this feedback about the company makes it possible to say that it selects and trains successful leaders who know what they do.Overall, UTC is a smashing success case and it creates a role model for other industries to follow. The company invests in its employe es and keeps them committed and motivated. Special community are in charge of ethical issues regular corporate trainings and collaborations are conducted to make sure that all employees are accountable. This example can serve as an inspiration for other smaller businesses where people struggle to keep everything clear and

Topic is to be an emerging or new technology of some kind Research Paper

Topic is to be an emerging or new technology of some kind - Research Paper ExampleHowever, in the topical clock when all over the world there is rapid change of technologies, it is vital to adapt to newer technologies. New technology must acquire the need of customers and it must be easy to implement (Souder and Sherman, 1994, p.45). One such(prenominal) technology is mobile banking facility. In earlier days banks used to keep customers money in vaults and would only meet financial needs of the customers. Then financial data networks were create to facilitate electronic method of ravish of funds by dint of interconnected banking system. Even therefore the customers had to be individualisedly present in the bank to deposit or retrieve funds. Next ATMs provided the customers to do their banking in various locations. straight off, more recently online banking through the internet has become a common occurrence. The latest technology in the line of banking facilities is mobile ban king. This technology helps the customers to do activities like transferring funds, checking balances, paying bills from their cell visits. Now customers rargonly need to go to the bank to do their banking (Stair and Reynolds, 2009, p.17). ... (Krugel, 2007, p.3) Insecure edge of mobile banking technology Today customers do most of their banking either through personal computers or mobile phones. Mobile phones are in these days internet-enabled and private data either stay on a single device or float in the cyberspace and thus can be vulnerable to misuse (Mukherjee, 2008, p. 61). Mobile phones were primarily built for voice communications and as such have certain limitations that increase the risk factor in mobile banking. One major risk factor includes concern of confidentiality and integrity of data during transfer of information from and to banks wired core processing system and to wireless environment. in that location are many other limitations in mobile phone like small scre en space, short battery life and lower processing speeds. There is alike the problem of various data entry formats and also data storage capacity is limited. Attempts are being taken to reduce the risk factors through wireless markup language and wireless application protocol. The mobile manufacturers are also trying to improve the devices. But other risks which include security threat and authentication are still major issues of concern and unless measures are taken to resolve the security issues, mobile banking can never become the dominant channel for banking. Mobile technology of today can provide wide rank options for mobile banking services. While some options can ensure high level of security there are other options which cannot promise the same security level. There is possibility to minimize the risk factors by introducing operational controls. In developing countries mobile handset technology is not of the highest level. In these countries risks of mobile

Wide Reading Assignment - Sherlock Holmes Essay Example for Free

Wide Reading Assignment Sherlock Holmes EssayThis assignment is based on three Sherlock Holmes stories by Arthur Conan Doyle which are, The Man with the Twisted Lip, The concluding Problem, and The Empty House. The aim is to tip over a full understanding of each story and to give a good idea of why these stories are still as popular today as they were 100 years ago. I will beg off this by discussing some of the characters and taking into account the social and historical context.Sherlock Holmes stories are all quite different in their own way because they look for different kinds of crime and characters. Such as in The Man with the Twisted Lip, where they are trying to solve a suspected murder and in The Final Problem they are trying to catch Professor Moriarty for various crimes. These three stories do have some similarities, which are that Sherlock Holmes always solves the crimes and is always the chief(prenominal) character. They also involve Dr.Watson, a doctor, who s eems to be Holmes companion in solving these crimes. Arthur Conan Doyle has created Holmes character very effectively as in that period in history crime was rife in London and the public were scared and thought the police force were not protecting their community as well as they should. So because Holmes didnt work for the police force and always solved the crimes then he seemed to be like a hero to the public and maybe their reverie because he kept people safe and they probably wanted so frequently for him to be real.The readers of Sherlock Holmes in Victorian England showed so much pursuance that when Doyle tried to end the stories of Sherlock Holmes by killing him in The Final Problem there was a public outcry and Doyle even received dying threats because they wanted so much for him to carry on with this character that had caught their attention so vividly. In that time of history there were no televisions or much entertainment at all for the public so that is probably why t hey got so intrigued by this wonderful character that solved all the crimes.I would chance on Sherlock Holmes as a very pompous, confident and intelligent person. He also seems to be quite secretive about his plans such as when he persuades Dr. Watson to go on one of his missions, he doesnt tell him where they are going or what is in store for him and this makes me feel quite anxious for Watson, such as in The Man with the Twisted Lip when he said But Im all in the dark and Holmes answers Of course you are.Youll k at present all about it presently. I think this is a very significant quality in all of the Sherlock Holmes stories because it gives a sense of mystery for the reader and makes it a lot to a greater extent interesting. Holmes also has a dark-side to himself, which is displayed when he states Had I been recognised in that den my life would not of been worth an hours purchase, for I have used it before now for my own purposes.

Movie Review of Secret (2007 Taiwanese Film) Essay Example for Free

Movie Review of concealed (2007 Taiwanese Film) EssayCasts* Jay Chou as Ye Xianglun A music student majoring in lenient and lives with his take * Kwai Lun-mei as Lu Xiaoyu A music student who lives with her mother * Anthony Wong Chau-sang as Xiangluns father Xiangluns father and the discipline teacher at his school * Alice Tzeng as Qing Yi Xiangluns classmate who is in love with him * Yuhao Zhan as Yu Hao A music student and talented piano player, nicknamed Prince of the piano, he had a piano battle with Xianglun hugger-mugger is an amazing movie to look at and to listen to. The film tells a simple but real beautiful love story which is tied between past and present. The story, the music, the talent youll truly be amazed and be in love with it when you see it yourself. You cleart imagine that it would be magical. Its a unique story, unpredictable and interesting. Whats more interesting is there is more to it than what meets the eye. Careful attention must be paid to all scenes, or else the story wont click and the end wont be as good. Heres the spoil. Ye Xianglun is a budding musical genius whose room with piano keys makes him a hit with the ladies, and even the guys, who recognize talent when they see it. Ye arrives at Tanjiang Art School and already hes being watched, but his eyes and warmness are immediately stolen by Lu Xiaoyu, an elegant, charming flirt who first happens upon Ye in the schools aged piano room. The two begin a cute, casual move thats defined by confidentials.Basically, Lu keeps them, starting with her name, then extending them to other things like where she goes, what she does, and why shes always absent from class. Since shes so effervescent and attractive, Ye is immediately smitten. Ye has a secret too, but Ill give it away his dad is a teacher at the school, and hes played by Anthony Wong in an amusing performance thats vintage Wong. Ye excessively has some friends at school who arent as amusing, and even qualify a s annoying and bothersome. Some of these characters are played by Chous Taiwanese pop music pals. Since this is a Jay Chou (Ye Xianglun) production (besides starring and directing, he penned the original story and contributed the music), its only understandable that Chou make room for some of his buddiesas thoroughly as his pet obsessions, especially music. Ye becomes the class celebrity when he kicks ass in a piano battle, which is as entertaining as it is patently manufacture. Basically, Ye outfoxes his adversary on the ivory keys, winning the hearts of the girls and the guys, while still remaining cool and sheepish in that inimitable Ye Xianglun way.Chief among his admirers is the pretty Qing Yi, who starts to crush on Ye big time. But Ye only has eyes for Lu. Or does he? Despite getting along swimmingly with Ye, Lu soon gets the idea that Ye is two-timing her with Qing. This is receivable to your standard crossed wires and mistaken circumstances, but the misinterpreted event is enough to throw a massive crush-killing wrench into their puppy love. That would probably be a dread thing to behold if not for the fact that the relationship up until then was hardly inspiring. Ye Xianglun and Lu Xiaoyu have decent chemistry, but the relationship between their characters never seems that deep. Theres a manufactured quality to the dialogue that makes their supposed love a bit unconvincing, and without more acute emotions the film begins to depict. Sadly, part of this is the fault of Ye Xianglun, the actor. Ye possesses a sure likable charm, but his presence hardly screams passion. His demeanor is just too remote Ye tries hard, but he cant convey a complete execute of emotions. Shoring things up, however, is Lu Xiaoyu.When she initially appears, she acts too much like an idealized good girl flirt to be real its like shes some manufactured idea of what perfect high school romance should be. However, as it turns out, theres a reason for her bizarre flirtatious b ehavior, and as the film divulges more of the hows and whys, Lu is given a chance to convey emotions that prove heartbreaking. Her screen presence is refreshing and her emotions genuinely moving if Secret manages to affect, Lu Xiaoyu is a large reason why. The revelation of the films eponymous secret is what gives Lu the chance to really affect the audience and yet its also when the movie starts to pull away its credibility. The mechanism behind the films secret is never known, but the logic of how it works is explained explicitly, such that every incident and action in the film needs to fitting a set of rules explained by the characters and depicted by the events themselves. But the film ultimately doesnt adhere to its convictions, eventually twisting events to fit desired emotions and skirting nearly the rules that theyve laid out for us.The film gives us a denouement, but itsonly touching because it fits some sort of predetermined audience expectation, and not because it surp rises or really affects. Some people may be happy with how Secret ends. But does the film earn its ending? I dont think that it does. At least Secret is a very pretty ride. On artifice alone, the film is aces, serving up beautiful art direction, cinematography and music. Ye Xianglun (Jay Chou) really knows how to compose a gentle wind the films original music is genuinely stirring, and preexisting pieces are well-chosen and evocative of the films innocent romantic mood. Secret serves the senses exceptionally well so much so, that its nigh tragic when it ultimately throws logic out the window. Ye Xianglun and company have created a nice little valentine, but their desire to give the film more lean eventually leaves it adrift.The film barrels towards its intended goal with little regard for common sense, leaving the audience with nothing besides the pretty pictures and people to rim it up. Amazingly, that gambit is more successful than not, and Lu Xiaoyu (Kwai Lun-mei) practicall y drags the film across the finish line herself. Without her the film would probably sink beneath its own self-importance, as its manufactured sheen and occasionally miscalculated choices render the film little more than a superficially gorgeous pure love diversion for teen girls and the boys they drag to the cinema along with them.Thatll probably do just fine for most, since manufactured diversion seems to be a standard expectation for many modern moviegoers. Secret will probably score well with its intended teen audience, especially if they take in the film as a single, one-off experience. Further viewings would only expose the films holes to be gaping and perhaps intolerable, but upon first glance, Secret is pretty and polished enough to charm. You should watch it too

How to Play Texas Holdem Essay Example for Free

How to Play Texas detainmentem EssayAs a hobby for my sp atomic number 18 time, I play poker. Texas Holdem to be precise a game of skill, chance, and luck. This game can be a compotation, or just a way to have near fun with some friends. There are many different places to play holdem you can play at home, city leagues, or at the casino. Here are some basic rule and tips to playing the gameThe game starts out by selecting a dealer, either by draw or setting posion. at one time the dealer is picked and the cards are shuffled, and ready to start the deal. The two players to the left of the dealer put out blind bets. The first person to the left is the subtle blind while the second person from the dealer is the big blind. Every player is dealt two cards, stage d take in. These cards are called hole or sacking cards.The first move, or action, falls on the player to the left of the big blind. This person can call the big blind, raise it or fold. This process continues or so the table, clockwise. After the betting is completed, one card is placed face down this is called the burn card, three cards are then dealt face up in the center of the table, which is called the board. The first three cards in Texas Holdem are called the flop. These cards community cards meaning everyone can (and result) use them in combination with their own hole cards to make the best hand.From the flop on, betting begins with the player to the left of the dealer, who can check or bet.A forth card is dealt face up after the burn, is placed on the board. This is called the turn card.Another round of betting.A final card is dealt face up. This card is called fifth street or the river.A final round of betting occurs. The remaining players show their cards and the person who make the best five cards hand by cartel their pocket cards with the cards on the board wins. In some rare cases in Texas Holdem, the five cards on the board will actually be the best hand, in which case everyone l eft in the hand divides up the pot.Now you know how to play and all the Texas Holdem rules. Have fun.

Differences in liberal and realist approaches

Differences in fully grown and realist approachesEvery group interaction mingled with humans in diverse activities entails defining the actors in discrete groups of devil. The purpose of which is to diametricaliate between 1 group of participants that excel from the other group that does not. The exact labeling of these groups varies with the activity under consideration. virtuously speaking, a person nookynister be grouped into either good or evil class Talking just about football, a player can be grouped into either superior or inferior category scotchs to a fault entails dividing the people who study them as either unstained or Keynesians. Though the initial both groups occupy the end points of a horizontal scale, there are many entities that interconnect these two, thereby filling the grey area. They neer full advocate the logic of any one of the two rather argue for an amalgamation, offering a middle path to any eventual solution. The chronicle of Political scienc e as an academic field of study also has been imbued with an eternal clash of thinkings between two civilises of thought. Throughout generations these two trains have vied for the coveted position in explaining the nature of humans as political entities. sensation sees humans as increasingly self concern and find little in them to defecate collectively for the benefit of all humankind the other believes in the selflessness of the same humanity and sees hope and reason to continue fixing for a world where everything would be characterized by principles of license. The former is cal take the Realist school of thought while the latter stance is that of the all-encompassings. The clash is particularly evident in the area of inter guinea pigistic Relations at bottom Political Science. Here realists think of the transnational convey system as increasingly anarchic, believe that all states overwork in their self interest and characterize international politics as power cent ered concentrating on balance of power, and finally that war is inevitable in the international state system. On the other hand, bountifuls argue that that there is great room for cooperation and benefit for all in the international state system, believe that states can and do work for mutual benefit and find evidence against the realist claim that all international politics is power politics. They also argue that war is avoidable and complex interdependence has also a role to play in the international arena. If the above demarcation separates the liberals and realists within IR, the academia within another relatively new torpedo discipline of Political Science, IPE, had also followed that pattern in their study of a transactionhip of international politics and scotchs. Realism in IPE has been more often called as mercantilism. In both case they represent the same school in a sense that both of them act as synonyms for a particular school of thought. Mercantilism has come to fi nd more usage as a term within IPE as opposed to realism in IR. As the grammatical construction of international politics prudence under discussion is international good deal, I will map realism as mercantilism throughout the course of this paper to remain synonymous with the terminology used within IPE. The paper would give a brief introduction of the two discourses within IPE and then scrutinize them merely side by side till the end of the paper. The conclusion aims to provide a brief understanding as to where were headed in this discussion now and in the future.Liberalism traces its roots to about two hundred years ago to economic philosophers Adam Smith and David Ricardo. Liberalism has abounded in popularity in the aftermath of the WWI and WWII. Although limitations have come some in the inability of liberalism to bear the fruit which it so vigorously argued for, liberals are demonstrate everywhere today in the business community of the West, Wall Street, IMF and macro cosm Bank etc. Liberals praise the benefits of muster out grocery store and trade. Liberals close to important contribution is the idea that all participants in a system of free markets and trade are beneficiaries (Cohen, p 12, 2008). The suck in does not stop at the junction of free market. They fail to give due importance to the role of Politics in free markets and trade. State for most liberals is a negative and holistic entity which should be kept out of the affairs of the free market as it impairs the Laissez-faire idea of market regulation.Mercantilism rightly claims to have the longest intellectual tradition because this underscores the importance of nations and power in thinking about economic issues. Mercantilists contrast most sharply with liberals in asserting that the gain of one nation usually comes at the expense of others (Cohen, p. 12, 2008). As a result mercantilists see international delivery increasingly characterized by a close relationship between economic , technological and military strength all topped by a greater national influence. Mercantilist arguments are increasingly used by countries and groups dis profitd by international trade as a cover for their inability to stimulate domesticated discipline process. They argue for self serving initiatives like protectionism etc. in the areas of economics and military technology. The contribution of mercantilists is to recognize that international economic relations operate within a world of competitive and conflictual nations (Cohen, p. 12, 2008). For mercantilists, power and economic motives both play an important role in the shaping of international economic cooperation or competition.The two ends of the spectrum are linked together by a multitude of theories and discourses. The links at times appear to be very convincing while at other times add to the already prevalent confusion in this field. This uncertainty is what makes IPE as a discipline so interesting to study. The feeling of intrigue very much abounds within oneself as one studies more and more the web that connects nations in international politics or separates them. International political economy is not an easy subject and the major tool for analyzing IPE, trade, becomes harder to critically analyze with the aim of reaching towards a specific conclusion. Hence one should delve farther into IPE with an open mind and let the discourse guide oneself towards any eventual conclusion.The modality of the topic requires me to compare and contrast liberalism and mercantilism. The framework that I in tilt to use is to analyze both in terms of their key actors, key dynamic and their stand on conflict and cooperation in the international arena of trade. I also intend to put side by side their inception as an academic school of thought and see if any meaningful result can be deducted from it.The origin of the mercantilist school of thought can be traced back to the emergence of nation based politics in Europe during the fifteenth century. Liberals found root in the wake of the industrial revolution of the eighteenth and nineteenth century. In this sense Mercantilism ideas have had a longer life than their liberalist counterparts. Liberal ideas earned much approval and favoritism in the wake of the failure of realism as an effective discourse describing and governing the international politics that led to the bloody World Wards I and II. Liberals see the international trade system as interdependent rather than anarchic and self serving as advocated by realists. Realists see the international trade as a zero sum game, the gain of one country is the loss of another, which liberals see it as a domineering sum game that the growth of international trade is of benefit to everyone. Liberals give the idea of the growing of a pie, as the pie gets bigger the slice each participant gets also increases. Here one should question that this example fails to give due account to the question that which participant gets the bigger slice. Also that due to the proportional or absolute advantages that some countries hold over the other, those countries grow at a rate higher than the others. Also the countries not possessing the comparative or absolute advantage require huge domestic political costs to be entailed if a shift is made from no advantage sectors to ones having comparative advantage in its domestic economy these costs include unemployment, temporary inflation, public backlash, loss of political support for the government in power etc. For example during the Vietnam war, President Nixon determined against raising taxes to cut back US trade deficit because it might weaker his already frail political support. Now this differential growth rates for different countries presents itself as a dilemma for a state especially since the concept of a state is an entity that is supposed to provide the best possible package of security, draw close and life style towards its citizens. In the pursuit of this self or collective interest of realists and liberals respectively, the former believe that power has an equal, if not stronger, role to play along with economics in the international economy and trade relations the latter tend to underplay the role of power in the international politics and emphasize the ability of states to choose between attractive courses of action. Nevertheless, mercantilist arguments have often come to be chosen as routes for underdeveloped nations to catch up with their developed counterparts. black lovage Hamilton writing in the 1970s urged Americans to protect their manufacturers from foreign competition so that they could industrialise and increase their power. Almost a hundred years later, Fredrick List argued that Germany should industrialize behind trade barriers so that it could catch up to the economic might of huge Britain (OBrien Williams, 2004). The protectionist apprehensions or favoritism continue till this day. As rece ntly as on the 17th of November this year, President Hu Jintao of China in a joint news conference with President Obama called for joint opposition to trade protectionism (China and US to work together, 2009).Realists see the state as the key actor in the international arena, while for liberals the starting point of analysis is the individual. Liberals argue for a complete freedom for the needs of the individual by arguing that if left alone the individuals would maximise the gain of the entire humankind regardless of their origin. Liberals see state interference in the market as negative and advocate the freedom of the market to self govern. Realists on the other hand believe that there is nothing natural about markets. They are artificially within the social contract of each state, which requires that a markets functions have to be regulated by a higher authority. Similarly realists head the role firms have to play within the domestic markets and as expected for liberals the pres ence of firms is a exacting omen in a sense it increases the general wealth of any country. Realists prefer state to the individual and for liberals its vice versa. Even within liberal thought, there exist a demarcation separating those who are hard-core liberals and those who acknowledge the role state has to play. It ranges from those who see the state fading away in an emerging borderless world (Ohmae 1990) that will be dominated by sequestered business to liberal institutionalists (Keohane and Nye, 1977) who stress the continuing importance of the state, but see it enmeshed in webs of interdependence and international organization (OBrien Williams, 2004).Moving towards the dynamics of these two discourses, for liberal theorists the market lies at the centre of economic life (OBrien Williams, 2004). Realists feel the clear-sighted activity of the state characterizes the dynamics of international trade and cooperation. Here the rational activity by any is undertaken with an aim to get the best possible outcome for its citizens. Liberals admit the shortfall of markets to weave their magic in certain fragile times of international trade but theyre almost certain in their belief that any further state involvement at that fragile blink is certain to worse the already weak market situation. Realists back out of this argument by maintaining that market relations are important but market is governed by the activities of the state. Economic activities and actors are subordinate to political agendas and actors respectively. The consequence of the salience of the state is that international economic relations become international political relations (OBrien Williams, 2004). Realist scholars believe that the nature of global economy reflects the interests of the most powerful states by arguing that free trade regimes tend to exist during the times when a whiz state dominates the entire world system as the hegemon can absorb the costs associated with imposing the free trade system. As the system degrades towards a triple power centre system, conflict characterizes the international relationship between states as interests contradict. Liberals maintain that if all the countries maintain free trade policies and shun self centered motives, conflict would certainly not take place. They give the example of Europe following the WWII and also that liberal democracies never go to war with one another. The phenomenon of globalisation has evoked two tiered response within both the realist and the liberal school of thought. Defensive nationalists within realism admit the presence of globalization and work to undermine it rather than skeptics who dont see any form of globalization at all. Within liberalism too a similar trend is produced hyper globalists see globalization as breaking down barriers between countries and unleashing a force of production bound to produce further happiness for humankind (OBrien Williams, 2004). Liberals influenced wi th Keynesian principles still see the problems of free markets in certain scenarios as cause for possible hesitation towards globalization it might have some unwanted outcomes. They support the need for market refine till its perfection is achieved.Finally dealing with the aspect of conflict and cooperation, liberals see international trade as essentially cooperative as opposed to the realist view that it is conflictual. Example of theories within both the schools that advocate their respective ideas include the theory of comparative advantage within liberalism that describe that even while possessing a comparative advantage, not absolute, in a certain area of production, one can benefit from trade in the international trade. Realist power based theories moan the absence seizure of any higher authority in the international state system which they see as must to regulating any cooperation and mutual benefit in the international trade. The concern for liberals with nationalist polici es is that they lead to conflict. Liberal theorists see trade interaction as strengthening bonds for peace and stability. The liberal belief in the connector between protectionist policies and conflict and the reverse argument, namely that capitalist favours peace and conflict and the reverse argument, namely that capitalist favours peace, is central to the liberal critique of the international economic order. (OBrien Williams, p. 20, 2004) Immanuel Kant foresaw an era of perpetual peace when all the world market systems would be characterized by Free states and international state an alliance of democratic states. Woodrow Wilson advocated adopting liberal principles for the international state system following World War I also a founding principle for the League of Nations. Similar nationalist policies following the Great Depression were understood to have aggravated relations between countries leading up to the World War II. Citing the pluralist nature of international trade and economic system, liberal theory of complex interdependence explain the connection between increase economic exchange and interconnectedness and the long peace among Western nations after 194 5represent classical liberal political economy (OBrien Williams, p. 21, 2004). The belief of international cooperation and conflict of realists tend to start with their lack of total belief in the abilities of market. Markets for realists produce both positive and negative outcomes. Since, due to their inherent assumption I believe, most realists see markets negative outcomes more than their positive ones realists argue for state control of important economic variables of their domestic economy. A liberal economy sees these very controls as measures of protectionism. Mercantilist arguments are prevalent more in sectors which are either critical to a nations conception or has to do with their cultural values. Examples of either of these could be a countrys defence industry or their local film and music industry etc. With the flood tide of the cold war as well as the communist setups of many countries around the globe it appears liberal policies have seem to be dominate, for now. It remains to be seen how long does this majority support goes in redefining the international economic and political structure. Some liberals went as far as to claim that history had ended because the liberal democratic model had triumphed over other forms of social organization (Fukuyama, 1992).Robert Cox said, Theory is always for someone and for some purpose (p. 207, 1986). The presence of different ideas in analyzing one aspect of international economic system finds its roots in a number of reasons. The first of these is that although all the theories are trying to explain one single phenomenon, they are looking at it from different angles. One theory looks at it from the angle of security, for the other its economics that holds the upper hand and for another school of thought, Marxism or c ritical perspective, its all about class struggle. Another reason is the group of people the theorization is coming from. Rich and influential people would tend to favour liberal trade policies as it offers the least resistance in conducting their business and reaping profits. Under privileged group of people would advocate for protectionist policies that would protect their interests. One last reason is that due to the subjective nature of opinions and reasons, it is not possible to get an absolute categorization of a theory as right or wrong. Theories are based on observations, not mathematical truths. Thus their rightfulness depends on the value judgment that particular groups of people apply to them. It is important for us to realize is that we do not have to follow any one particular school of thought blindly. The presence of multiple layers of explanation presents one with a tool to apply ones thinking to any specific case. More over one can find any amalgamation describing on es own stance between these layers of theorizations that has taken place until now within International Political Economy.ReferencesCohen, B. (2008). International Political Economy An Intellectual History, 17 39.OBrien, R., Williams, M. (2004). Global Political Economy development and Dynamics, 11 36.(2009, November 17). China and US to work together. BBC News. Retrieved from http//news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/8363643.stm

A Business Plan to introduce Clean City Ltd

A Business Plan to introduce modify metropolis LtdThis document serves as a Business Plan to introduce wakeful City Ltd, a registered Limited Company that was formed in January 2010. The sole aspiration of Clean Citys business allow be to solely engage/enforce the block outing of garbage, its collection, transportation and deli rattling/disposal to recycling computer programmets and dumping sites, our main focussing being recycling plants. What is Waste concern? Waste management is the collection, transportation, processing, recycling or disposal, and monitoring of waste materials, while Recycling is the process of re-using a apt(p) product (beyond its intended use), or producing a new product from a reclaimable material.capital of Kenyas population is approximately 4 million, 44% Kenyans fall on a lower floor the destitution line, meaning approximately three quarters of capital of Kenyas population falls under the urban poor category. In Nairobi, approximately 1,530 tonne s of garbage is generated daily and as illustrated in the Pie Chart below, approximately 1,130 tonnes of garbage rots uncollected close to its source, or is burnt in homesteads, dumped at embezzled landfills or dumpsites or is collected by Non political Organisations and Community showd groups.Due to economic hardships and the high rate of unemployment, we buzz rack up seen an increase of people migrating from rural to urban areas in search of better prospects to station upright their immediate families and/or dependants, and more often than not, most of these people eventually reside in low class areas such(prenominal) as the Kibera Slums or Peri-urban areas such as Gachie, Ongata Rongai, etcetera. Approximately half of the Kenyan population is based in Nairobi, and most of these migrants find themselves close to fragile areas such as rivers, valleys, steep slopes and bordering to sewers or dumps. Nairobi City Council whose mandate is to provide and sustain a clean and heal thy purlieu in Kenya has been unsuccessful due to its failure to hypothesize and adopt clear and comprehensive strategies that take into account all aspects of waste management its reluctance to call for stakeholders and to naturalise the general public on winning responsibility for their garbage disposal and its style in which it has disseminated information on the inherent dangers of inadequate attention given to waste management, or lack thitherof. The Councils Systems and Methods espouse to manage solid waste perplex failed to conform to the minimum requirements stipulated in the Environment wariness and Co-ordination Act (EMCA) 1999, Part 11, Section 3(i). Generally it is poor governance.It is real sad indeed to witness adult pedestrians, motorists and passengers alike, ditching rubbish on footpaths, streets and roads without giving a bit thought to the negative effects of their actions and having no bet for the beauty of Kenyans Capital, the Green City in the Sun. Majority of our young citizens, that is, our children, who are our leaders of tomorrow, innocently litter anywhere and everywhere outside their homes and/or instill premises, and in many instances this habit grows uncorrected because these young impressionable children mirror what many of us adults do resulting in a vicious cycle. Many of Nairobi streets and footpaths are littered with rubbish ranging from maize cobs, cigarette butts, fruit skins to plastic papers.City Council of Nairobi owns and operates Nairobis only official landfill disposal site that is located in Dandoras high density residential neighbourhood where a quarter of low income voiceless Kenyans reside. The Dandora landfill is currently filled with approximately 1.3 million cubic meters of waste spread head over approximately 30 acres. Dandora is approximately 7.5 km away from the Central Business District, out of sight out of mind. This has serious health consequences to the d riseers and the urban environment a t large. In addition, low income areas are largely affected by uncollected rubbish due to poor infrastructure or geographically unobtainable areas and also due to the residents inability to pay for garbage collection services rendered by the Private firms.With the burgeoning population or in this case urban escalation, there is an urgent need for an operational mechanism to be put in place by the Council with the backing of the Kenyan Government to enable the formulation of structures that entrust encourage the participation of the private sector and the general public in waste management initiatives.Clean Citys main objective is to act as a catalyst towards the green movement, to eradicate the negative effects of environmental degradation where it ordain promote a cleaner, air pollution-free, urban environment and habitat by equipping the Public with facilities, knowledge and tools, in order to effortlessly segregate their garbage at source, meaning to sort out their garbage at t he flush of disposal basically to make this practice a part of their lifestyle.Recyclables are treasures buried in our landfills and Clean Citys underlying desire is to promote the re-use, to enhance well organised and structured recycling arrangements instead of waste been burnt or dumped in landfills. Recycling is a pollution-reduction strategy and at the same time lead save land that is currently being used as landfills. There is an urgent need for the public to unlearn the poor garbage disposal habits and to ascribe that the sorting out of garbage is a proactive approach to a clean habitat that depart at long last be beneficial to them at diametrical demographical levels.1.1 ObjectivesClean City Limiteds endeavour is to have established a extensivey fledged Garbage sorting business by the year 2012 that bequeath have desegregated the following ObjectivesTo run an ethical business that involves Corporate Social Responsibility in all aspects of our business activities.T o aim for a return on investment of at least 15% yearlyTo achieve an operating remuneration of 10% of our enumerate salesIn corporal or win the privilege of the public and private sector in promoting waste management in NairobiTo advocate for the withdrawal of Dandora as a landfill plus former(a) illegal dumpsites within Nairobi and to reallocate them to isolated land away from residential areas and to convince the Council to allow privately owned landfills.To expand our horizons in the wider part of Nairobi and eventually to Kenyan major towns like Mombasa, Kisumu and Eldoret and to further penetrate regionally to our neighbouring East Africa such as Uganda, Tanzania and Rwanda.To exemplify to Kenyan citizens the benefits of garbage sorting.To educate Kenyans on the benefits of untapped or low key recycling business that dope be used as a source of income, where scarce natural resources can be obtained, which are currently hampered by the landfill dumping.To introduce Leaf-it D epots where organic waste such as garden waste, grass, food, leaves, wood shavings can be deposited for compostingMost importantly, to honor Nairobis slogan, The Green City in the Sun and to encourage and educate Kenyans on the paramount importance of living in a clean and healthy environment. 1.2 missionary workClean City Limiteds mission is to provide a garbage sorting framework that will encourage and promote effective and efficient methods of disposing of garbage by using our garbage sorting systems that would eventually enhance the current skeletal recycling business. Our labelled coloured/categorized recycling dust stack aways equipped with appealing advertisements and educational campaigns will be used as a conduit to achieve this mission.2.0 Our Business IdeaCurrently, there are a few privately owned Garbage assemblage firms that collect garbage once a week. These firms distribute between 8 12 bags per household for the months use and their charges range from between Ks hs.400 Kshs.800.00. The current system involves households paying a monthly fee for garbage collection through their monthly service charge contributions to either an external management company or to their internal management committee, whom in turn organise for garbage collection services. Standalone/Bungalows would directly pay to the service provider.Once the garbage is collected, it is directly delivered to landfills where human scavengers sort out the garbage and sell to recycling plants. The vehicles used for collection and transportation are Lorries without canvas or any other material that can spinal column the back, therefore the back is left open with the stinky garbage out in the open for all to see and garbage spillage on the roads.Where does Clean City come in?Clean City will deliver an efficient and effective collecting/transporting service but at a bounty cost. We shall diffuse in the minds of our clients the idea of an organised disposal/collecting/transportatio n system, a value for money service that will be a valued added benefit.We shall provide communal huge categorized Dumpsters that will be stationed on communal ground of households that constitute more than 6 units in a compound, where full thrash plastic bags from individual households can be disposed of for collection.We shall also provide our residential clients with service contracts stipulating the standards of proper sorting and disposal. Also included in our contract will be the probability of our refusal to collect garbage that has not been correctly sorted.2.1 Target Market residential and Commercial in Upmarket AreasResidential We have taken into consideration that not many apartments are provided with a provision for waste bins which normally is situated in the laundry/balcony area contiguous to the Kitchen and if they are, the quadruplet is too poseed to accommodate 3-1 recycling bins. However, we still intend to approach apartments and suggest they use 1 bins with compartments, that is, for nut case/metal/plastic recyclables and the other for organic/wet and paper, and others. Please see images below.Standalone/Town Houses/Maisonettes have the advantage of spacious verandas and balconies for terminal.Shopping Malls, Major Airports, 3-5 Star Hotels, Hotel Apartments, Golf and Social/Sports Clubs and Shopping Complexes we shall place huge Dumpsters in strategic positions please refer to images below.Schools Of paramount importance is to educate the young on the benefits of disposing of garbage in an organised and hygienic manner and to enlighten them on recycling materials.Upcoming Housing we shall also lay aside a keen eye on upcoming apartments so as to educate developers/real estate dealers on the need to have provisions in households for storing bins. We shall also approach newly completed apartments/standalone housing to enable us incorporate our services before tenants occupy them.Recyclers We have approached 4 major recycling co mpaniesPET Recycling Company for plastic wasteCentral Glass Industries for glass wasteRoll Mill Limited for metal wastePan Africa for paper wasteCommunity based groups for organic matterHowever, we shall not limit our sale of recyclables to the above mentioned companies.2.2 Business baby-sitOnce we have equipped our clients with the necessary bins and accessories, our Business model which is solely manually based will involve the following process severally weekday will have a designated Zone or Region for Waste for once a week collections.We shall start off with 3 rear load trucks that have been equipped with a rear hydraulic conveyor lift that will lift Thrush bags into the main hold of the truck. Each truck will have a driver and two support staff, who will assist each other to lift the bags onto the hydraulic conveyor. All the 3 trucks will be dispatched together at any one time to their different zonal schedules. All waste will be delivered to our Waste belongings Site i n Karen, where Waste will undergo a final segregation phase. Purchasing hydraulic trucks is a massive investment however this cost will compensate for the reduction in labour expenses in the long term.Classified Recyclables will be bribed and collected from us by Recycling Plants on a weekly basis while non-recyclable waste will be dumped at official landfills. ply Working HoursWorking hours will be from 8 am to 5 pm from Mondays to Saturdays. We do not foresee overtime issues, however, in the event of overtime, staff shall be compensated accordingly.No of Supporting Staff 3 drivers6 staff to accompany drivers4 staff to be based at our holding siteMain Equipment/AccessoriesWe have identified 3 reconditioned Trucks from the United Kingdom, modelPersonal Protective EquipmentBins and DumpstersPlastic Garbage BagsOccupational Health and precaution MeasuresTo avoid any job site hazards, we shall comprehensively assure our staff on health and safety measures while on duty and also pr ovide them with Personal Protective Equipment that will consist of the followingA pair of heavy duty gloves Jungle GreenA pair of high top heavy duty boots/shoes Jungle Green climb down weight safety helmet (for comfort due to tropical weather) Lime GreenSafety Vest Lime GreenOveralls Jungle GreenThe table below shows the total cost of the safety equipment.ITEMQUANTITYCOST PER UNIT sum of money COSTGloves13 degree Celsius1300Boots135006500Helmet137509750Safety Vests135006500Overalls136007800The Bins will be sell to residential clients while the Dumpsters that come in big sizes will be on term of a contract to commercial clients.The dominant green colour will speak for itself, Clean Citys Green Footprint and the same principle will be applied to our trucks.Our logotype and Corporate coloursThe following Recycle symbol will be our logo and brand that will be pasted on all our equipment, uniforms and stationery. Our corporate colours are green and white.Our notesWe shall be loca ted in Karen on a 1 acre plot that will be on rental, where most trading operations will take place. The site will consist of an Admin Office while most of the land will be an open air field with a shed, for sorting purposes. The monthly rental for the 1 acre office in Karen will be Ksh. 75,000/=3.0 Management TeamCity Clean is owned by 3 partners, namely Regina Maru, Sheily Shah and Maureen Adhiambo, in the capacities of Managing Director, Financial and Human visions Director and Sales, PR and Marketing Director, respectively. Once we have our operations running we shall bring on board an Office Manager.Structure, Ownership and Intellectual propertyCity Clean is owned by 3 partners namely Regina Maru, Sheily Shah and Maureen AdhiamboFlat StructureManaging DirectorFinance Human Resource DirectorSales, PR Marketing DirectorAccounts ClerkSales RepresentativeAdmin ManagerSupport StaffManaging Director4.0 Industry Analysis 5 Forces Model flagellum of new entrants Already the marke t is flooded with waste collection businesses that are not following the Waste collection regulations, and the National Environment Management Authority has introduced more stringent regulations and measures to our contests. NEMA further assured us that they shall not allow new entrants until the Clean Citys sorting/recycling concept has been fully established.Threat of Substitutes Clean Citys existing competitors offer an inferior service. We shall charge our residential clients a one-off fee for the cost of the bins however our service, that is, collection of weekly garbage will be Kshs.500.00 which is similar to what most of our competitors charge per month.Buyer Power Bargaining power of our customers will be low as City Clean has no competitor offering a similar product and service.Supplier Power Bargaining power of our suppliers, in this case, Kenpoly Industries who specialise in plastic, will be low as we are able to source the Bins and Dumpsters from other suppliers both locally and internationally, for example in China.Rivalry the degree of rivalry in the waste collection assiduity is low as City Clean is introducing a new and superior product and service.5.0 Marketing Plan5.1 Our Product and ServiceClean City is entranceway a niche market as this concept has not been introduced in Kenya, in fact countries worldwide that practice this healthy habit are few and far in between. It will be a new phenomenon in Kenya that we know will be received with mixed reactions however, we are also very confident that we shall eventually have a good footing. Clean City will have a competitive advantage as no other Company in Kenya or even East Africa offers a similar product or service, neither do any of the other garbage collecting companies have automated hydraulic trucks that shall be in use.Our marketing strategy focuses on differentiation due to its nature of providing a value added benefit, uniqueness, affordability, profitability, superiority and ultimat ely giving us a competitive edge.Clean City is two-fold as it shall provide both a product and service. Our product has 4 facets that are mutually beneficial of each other and these are the Bins, Garbage plastic bags, Dumpsters and Trucks while our service will involve the collection of pre-sorted waste that will be delivered to Recycling Plants and Landfills.Clean City shall have 5 or more classes of beneficiaries/customers at both ends of its supply chain as follows. The following table illustrates that Customers falling under 2 will benefit from our product while the rest will be benefit from our service.CustomerDescription of Benefit1Nairobi City Councilstep by step reducing the size of the Dandora Landfill and assisting and advocating for its reallocation.2 menage and CommercialProviding education and tools to sort waste3Compost ManufacturersProviding pre-sorted green waste4Recycling PlantsProviding pre-sorted recyclable material5Animal Farms, example Pig FarmsProving pre-sort ed food waste5.2 Product DescriptionOur Bins and Dumpsters will be custom-made to match the quality of trade Bins that are used in developed countries however, City Cleans will be available at lower prices. The Bins that shall be rectangular in shape will come in 2 varieties either with 2 or 3 partitions for recyclable waste which will be influenced by the amount of storage space available.A sample of TruckLeyland truck each 6500.00 CIF. The government has kindly granted us freight clearance charges and government tax subsidies.Specifications4 tonnes62 middleliftHydraulic liftVulture bodyDouble bin liftCummins engineA sample of Dumpsters. Size Specifications for Dumpsters Length 72 inches, Width 16 inches, Height 40 inches -For General Waste, Organic/Food, Glass, Metal Cans, Plastic Bottles/Containers.Each dumpster costs Ksh. 3500/=A sample Bins we shall supply both the 3-in-1 and 2-in-1 depending on household storage space. The size specifications for the Bins per partition Len gth 12 inches Width 12 inches Height 24 inchesGreen will symbolize organic and food waste embrown will symbolize general wasteYellow will symbolize glass and plastic bottles/containers and metal example Metal and Aluminium Cans/Tins.5.3 Marketing reckon KES.Designing and Printing of Fliers 100,000 500,000.00Mazingira campaignments A4 size quarterly 80,000.00Facebook Advertisements 15 days per month for 3 months 7,200.00Purchase of .com Website and Design 20,000.00Roadshows 4 times a month 40,000.005.4 be of Official Launch of City CleanTo facilitate the official launching of Clean City, we have humbly requested the presence of Minister for Environment and mineral Resources, Hon. John Michuki, the Environmentalist Activist and Nobel Peace Price Winner 2004, Ms. Wangari Maathai and the Director General of NEMA, Mr. Muusya Mwinzi and UNEP top officials, just to name a few.The launch programme will be brief and will mainly consist of a few speeches and refreshments. The venue wi ll be at our Karen site. embodys of Tents 20,000.00Refreshments 10,000.005.5 Promotional and advertising planTo build a customer database of a minimum of 2000 households within the next 12 monthsTo build leads of at least 50 households and 10 Firms per weekAdvertise our services by distributing 1000 pamphlets/fliers to 50 households per weekGive a personal touch by sending seasonal promotional representatives to deliver our Bins and Dumpsters access to door and illustrate the use, features and benefits of the Bins and plastic bags to our customers, with an aim to minimise resistance.Advertise our services on Facebook, Twitter Myspace and send out e-shots to a minimum of 50 per weekLaunch our website www.cleancity.com and invite internet users to joinAdvertise on Environmental magazines such as MazingiraWe have already received backing on fiscal sponsorships from organisations we plan to partner with, UNEP has so far given us a pledge.5.6 Pricing StrategyThe pricing strategy of clea n city will be quite similar to those of the prevailing competitor firms. The following figures depict the pricing strategy. For the services the company will charge households Ksh. 500 per month and Firms Ksh. 800 per month. A crime syndicate of a months supply for households bin bags will cost Ksh. 150 and those for firms will cost Ksh. 200. During the first month, households will have to purchase bins which will be sold in 2 varieties, 2 in 1 and 3 in 1. The 2 in 1 will be sold for Ksh. 700 and 3 in 1 for Ksh. 850. The firms will have to purchase huge dumpsters which will cost them Ksh. 3400. We will assure that the quality of all these materials is high and durable.5.7 Market SegmentationOur orchestrate market is solely in upmarket areas that include residential homes, shopping malls, Cineplexes, 4 and 5-Star hotels and upmarket schools.6.0 Operations Plan6.1 Licensing and Registration RequirementsNEMA The National Environment Management Authority, who is Kenyas Government Pa rastatal that has been given the mandate to act as Kenyas Environment Authority, has given us the required framework for all the certifys and waste management policies, procedures and regulations. NEMA officials were very move and assured us of their full support. The cost of acquiring the licence and other regulations would be a total of Ksh. 65000.6.2 Operating and Control SystemsIn order to have the operating and control system in place, we will purchase 2 computers and softwares. Our staff is already well trained in maintaining these systems and thus we will not spend on training more staff. Each computer will cost Ksh. 35000 and each software will cost Ksh. 100006.3 Accounting and address Cutting ControlsWe shall have computerized accounting systems with Software designed for book-keeping purposes. We also shall have an Electronic Tax Register that can calculate Value Added Tax and keep a record of our stock and daily sales.Fuel Consumption We shall sign contracts with only one force out station close to our Site in Karen, where our Trucks will be fuelled using fuel cards, to avoid cash changing hands and to keep abreast with our fuel consumption. We shall also fit in all our trucks an anti-fuel stealth device to stop any fuel siphoning.The fuel cost per month will be Ksh. 30,000 for each truck Therefore for 3 trucks a total of Ksh. 90,000.Mileage We shall take down Mileage readings of our trucks on departure and arrival on a daily basis.Performance ControlsApplying Total Quality Management by incorporating benchmarking, through regular collections and comparisons of customer data in form of surveys and focus groupsFor effective communication purposes, our trucks will be equipped with VHF radios and a base station radio at our Site.Our trucks will undergo regular servicing to ensure effectiveness and efficiencyWe shall adhere to all the Governments regulations and ensure timely licence renewals6.4 Financial planAccompanied summaryCompany was formed in January and no revenue was earned during this period, therefore the financial projections commence from the month February 2010 when substantial operations start.Target of having a customer base of 2000 households in a year and 500 firms in a year.10 dumpsters will be purchased initially. come on dumpsters will be purchased as demand increases.Utility costs include telephone, water, electricity and internet.Salary Structure 3 drivers 15,000/= each, 6 support staff 12,000/= each, 4 staff at holding site 12,000/= each.Each truck costs 6500 6500*127.945449 (exchange rate) = Ksh831, 645/=During the first month, we expect to have a customer base of 200 households and 10 firms we expect these figures to gradually increase by 35% each month.Households will be supercharged 500 a month and Firms will be charged 800 per month.Sale of recyclables per Kg Ksh 10/=. We assume each household accumulates waste of approximately 2kg everyday out of which 1.5kg is renewable. Each firm accu mulates 10kg of renewable waste per day.A pack of one Bin bag for households (medium size) that contains 30 bin bags for a month supply costs Ksh 150 /=A pack of one bin bag for Firms (Large size) that contains 30 bin bags for a month supply costs Ksh 200/=We assume each month half the new household customers purchase 2 in 1 bin whereas the other half purchase 3 in 1. Therefore initially we expect total households customers of 200 100 will purchase 2 in 1, the other 100 3 in 1. Consequently each month the 25% increase in customer base will follow the same trend. The 2 in 1 Bin will be sold for 700/= whereas the 3 in 1 will be sold for 850/=.Dumpsters are purchased for each firm 3500/= per dumpster.Break Even point i.e. when total revenue is equal to total costs and net profit is zero. After Break even point Clean City will start making profits. From the graph, the Break Even point is marked as 5.5 which is mid May 2010.After the 1st year, in the projections for the 2nd and 3rd year , we expect the number of customer base for both households and firms to increase by 15% annually.From the second year, we will depreciate the trucks and the office furniture on a straight line basis. The percentage annual depreciation will be 5%.The fuel cost for the 2nd and 3rd year will increase by 15% each year. This is attributed to increases in oil prices as well as change magnitude demand of services and therefore more distance to be covered by the trucks.The initial cost of set up is presented in the table belowItemQuantityCost per Unit (Ksh)Total cost (Ksh)Hydraulic Trucks3831,6452,494,935Gloves131001300Boots135006500Helmet137509750Safety Vests135006500Overalls136007800Acre Plot in Karen175,00075,000Purchase of website120,00020,000Cost of purchasing office furniture150,00050,000Cost of computers235,00070,000Cost of software for each computer210,00020,000Licensing and registration165,00065,000Anti siphoning device for each truck3500015,000Cost of Launch130,00030,000TOTAL ST ART UP COST2,871,785PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT PROJECTIONSYEAR123RevenueNo of Households155451787720558Price charged per Household500500500Total revenue from households7772500893837510279131No of Firms101311651340Price charged per Firm800800800Total revenue from Firms8104009319601071754Sales of recyclables729915083940239653126TOTAL REVENUE158820501826435821004011Expenses bring900000900000900000Salary198000019800001980000Utility840008400084000Security600006000060000Administration CostsStationary cost240002400024000depreciation of office furniture250025002500loan repayment565357565357565357Truck expensedisparagement of trucks124747124747124747Fuel (30,000 per month per truck)108000012420001428300servicing charges (10,000 per truck)360000360000360000Cost of Purchasing Bin bags253435029145033351678Cost of purchasing Bins3 in 144327599099411396432 in 1365050816113938529Dumpsters245,000531825611599